Solution:
MW is the sum of the average atomic weights of the constituent elements in a molecule.
FM is the sum of the MW of the molecule and the MWs of associated salts and solvates, as defined using the salts and solvates feature in Signals Notebook.
EM is the sum of the atomic weights of the most abundant isotopes of the constituent elements in a molecule.
MF displays the empirical formula of the compound, appended with the molecular formulas of the associated salts and solvates, as defined using the salts and solvates feature in Signals Notebook.
Source of MW (Molecular Weight) and EM (Exact Mass)
We periodically review the latest atomic data published by the following authorities to keep the source data used for MW and EM calculations up to date in Signals Notebook:
- IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry), which maintains the Standard Atomic Weights for elements.
- NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology), which provides isotopic masses and abundances.
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